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JAMES MADISON AND THE FUTURE OF LIMITED GOVERNMENT


The essays in this volume use Madison to engage such contemporary issues as multiculturalism, federalism, the emerging democracies, the scope of international law, and faith-based policy and politics. This book speaks to both the past and present of the American republic. This is a must read for anyone that believes that taking our rights away is "good for the common good" and "protects" us from terrorism. This is a good read for all the second amendment haters that believe that it was a "different time" and tyranny could never come to the U.S. James Madison and the Future of Limited Government~ is a perceptive anthology of essays on Madison political thought and its relevance today. The legacy of James Madison, the constitutionalist, the federalist, and the republican is celebrated in this succinct little book from the libertarian Cato Institute. Madison's legacy was as an advocate of constitutionally limited-government which was to be effectuated by dividing and separating powers with a horizontal system of checks and balances amongst the legislative, executive and judiciary while concurrently setting the various institutions of government against one another. Likewise, there was vertical check as a true federal republican system is one of dual sovereignty, and all powers not expressly delegated to the federal government were reserved to the states. Madison was a profoundly reflective political thinker with no rosy delusions about the goodness of human nature. His political theory as espoused in the Federalist Papers, his letters, and in the somewhat shrouded constitutional debates manifest his desire for a representative republic and a classical liberal civil society. Madison was practical, appreciative of ordered liberty, and cognizant that human frailty and sinfulness cannot be transcended by perfecting the mechanics and science of government. "But what is government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself," avowed Madison in Federalist #51. Therefore, the very institutions of government must be mistrusted, and must be set against one another. Power must be made to counter power. Thus "ambition would counter ambition" in the Madisonian equation of federalism. What the founding fathers sought to do at the Constitutional Convention was produce an energetic general government exercising powers best performed at the national level such as foreign affairs, national defense, regulation of foreign and interstate commerce, et al. while preserving to the States all powers not expressly delegated. Madison favored a federal government confined to expressed "enumerated objects" of power. In Federalist #45, Madison declared that the federal government's "jurisdiction extends to certain enumerated objects only, and leaves to the several States a residuary and inviolable sovereignty over all other objects." True Madisonians cannot adhere to the notion of general legislative power vested in the Federal Congress. Madison readily acknowledged that sovereignty emanated from the people, but found its political expression in representative government. He was keenly perceptive of the limitations of democracy, and was mistrustful of it. Like Jefferson, he recognized that democracy works best when localized and is hardly practical beyond the limits of a town. Moreover, democracy like the power of government itself was something to be checked in Madisonian political theory. The tumultuous popular will of the people must not be allowed to facilitate the plunder of property or spoliation of wealth. James Madison's Federalist Paper #10 proclaims: "Democracies have ever been spectacles of turbulence and contention; have ever been found incompatible with personal security or the rights of property; and have in general been as short in their lives, as they have been violent in their deaths. Theoretic politicians, who have patronized this species of Government, have erroneously supposed that by reducing mankind to a perfect equality in their political rights, they would, at the same time, be perfectly equalized and assimilated in their possessions, their opinions and their passions."
John Samples - Personal Name
321.8 SAM j
9781930865228
Ebook
English
Cato Institute
2002
Washington
224 hal
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